Friction Grip
Is rolling friction very strong?
In my class we are studying different types of friction which include sliding, rolling, and fluid friction. I have read that rolling friction is a type of static friction and it is one of the stronger of the frictions. This explains why tires 'grip' the road so well and why it is easier to stop when your tires are rolling rather than skidding. But, rolling friction is also used in ball bearings and it seems to have the opposite effect in that it reduces friction. So tell me, in general, is rolling friction greater than sliding friction and if so, why do we use ball bearings?
Rolling friction applies in both the ways you describe, and, the calculations would work in a similar fashion.
The difference is in the materials used.
As long as two parts move against each other, you will notice rolling friction. Two flat pieces of material, simply scraping against each other will experience some friction. But, if those pieces can be made to roll against each other, in opposite directions, there is less friction. (This is why tires are round, and not square!)
So, round tires, despite some degree of rolling friction will actually help a car move smoothely. But, if you want even less rolling friction resistance, the tires need to be harder.
Check out two types of bicycles. One has big, balloon tires, and rolls along just fine. But a good, track racing bicycle will have tires inflated to tremendous pressure, and will seem rock hard, compared to the baloon tires.
Taken to one more extreme, railroad cars roll on steel wheels, because the rolling friction is even less.
Ball bearings are like steel wheels that roll all directions.
The only method of moving materials past each other better than steel wheels or ball berings is for one to float the materals past each other without touching.
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